ExpertGlossary terms starting with C

4,595 terms

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund, was enacted by Congress on December 11…
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) An Act providing the regulatory framework for the remediation of past contamination from hazardous waste.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) The CERCLA Information System is an EPA database of information about Superfund sites.
Comprehensive Facility Review (CFR) A review performed on a high- or significant-hazard dam every 6 years, which includes a field examination and a state-of-the-art review of a structure's…
Comprehensive Flare Index (CFI) In solar-terrestrial terms, the indicative of solar flare importance.
Comprehensive physical damage coverage Optional insurance that pays for damage to your auto caused by things other than collision or rolling the car over such as fire, theft, vandalism, flood…
Comprehensive Plan Regional, state, or local documents that describe community visions for future growth.
Comprehensive Planning The process of determining the organization and delivery of HIV services. This strategy is used by planning bodies to improve decision-making about…
compress See data compaction, data compression, signal compression.
Compressed Air Storage The storage of compressed air in a container for use to operate a prime mover for electricity generation.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Natural gas (methane) that has been compressed to a higher pressure gaseous state by a compressor; used in CNG vehicles.
compressed video Video that has been encoded so as to reduce the number of bits required for storage or transmission.
Compressibility Property of a soil describing its susceptibility to decrease in volume when subjected to load.
Compression Compression algorithms such as Zip and RLE reduce the size of files saving both storage space and reducing bandwidth required for access and transmission.
compression bandage A bandage designed to provide pressure to a particular area.
Compression Chiller A cooling device that uses mechanical energy to produce chilled water.
Compression curve Any function relating volume change to effective stress.
compression pump (kum-PREH-shun Ã¢ÂÂ¦) A machine used to keep blood and lymph flowing by pushing air through bands or sleeves that are placed on the arms or legs.
Compression Ratio The ratio of the size of an uncompressed file to a compressed file, e.g., with a 10:1 compression ratio, a 1 MB file can be compressed to 100 KB.
Compressor A device used to compress air for mechanical or electrical power production, and in air conditioners, heat pumps, and refrigerators to pressurize the…
comprising (used when defining the scope of a claim) A transitional phrase that is synonymous with (means the same thing as) "including," "containing" or…
Compromise Disclosure of information to unauthorized persons, or a violation of the security policy of a system in which unauthorized intentional or unintentional…
compromised obsolete In cryptography, a key state in which the secrecy or integrity of the key is suspect. [After X9.17/95]
compromising emanations Unintentional signals that, if intercepted and analyzed, would disclose the information transmitted, received, handled, or otherwise processed by…
Compton Current Electron current generated as a result of Compton processes. (See Compton Effect and Compton Electron.)
Compton Effect The scattering of photons (of gamma or x-rays) by the orbital electrons of atoms.
Compton Electron An electron of increased energy ejected from an atom as a result of a Compton interaction with a photon. (See Compton Effect.) 58
Comptroller of the Currency The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, housed in the US Department of the Treasury, charters, regulates, and oversees national banks.
compulsion (kum-PUL-zhun) An uncontrollable urge to say or do something without an obvious reason.
compulsory payroll tax An automatic tax collected from employers and employees to finance specific programs.
Computational biology See: bioinformatics
Compute Element A physical grid component that is a general purpose computer, such as a server. See also: Grid Component
compute unit A compute unit is measurement tool used to compare and contrast different virtual servers (instances).
computed field On a form, a field whose value is determined by a formula that you write.
computed tomographic colonography (kum-PYOO-ted toh-muh-GRA-fik KOH-lun-AH-gruh-fee) A procedure in which a detailed picture of the colon is created by an x-ray machine linked to a…
Computed Tomography (kom pyoo' ted to-mog' ruh fee) (CT Scan) the recording of internal body images at a predetermined plane by means of the tomograph.
computed tomography colography (kum-PYOO-ted toh-MAH-gruh-fee koh-LAH-gruh-fee) A method under study to examine the colon by taking a series of x-rays (called a CT scan) and using a…
computed tomography scan (kum-PYOO-ted toh-MAH-gruh-fee skan) A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body taken from different angles.
Computer Includes but is not limited to network servers, desktops, laptops, notebook computers, mainframes and PDAs (personal digital assistants).
computer abuse In computer security, a willful or negligent unauthorized activity that affects or involves the computer security of a data processing system. [2382-pt.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) An automated system for the design, drafting, and display of graphically oriented information.
Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) Systems A Computer Aided Dispatch System (CAD) is a computer database that can track calls for service, maintain status of units available, provide…
computer architecture Of a computer, the physical configuration, logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for processing data, controlling the…
Computer base station Computer equipment that is designated to receive data from the data collection platforms and translate that data into useable information for the decision…
computer conference A communication session, facilitated by means of a computer network, between several participants, each of them having access to all messages submitted.
computer conferencing Teleconferencing supported by one or more computers. 2. An arrangement in which access, by multiple users, to a common database is mediated by a…
computer crime A violation of law committed with the aid of, or directly involving, a data processing system or network. [2382-pt.8]
computer cryptography Use of a crypto-algorithm program by a computer to authenticate or encrypt/decrypt information. [INFOSEC-99]
Computer Evidence Computer evidence is rather unique when compared to other forms of more traditional documentary evidence.
Computer Forensics Computer Forensics (in the context of this document, forensic analysis) is the use of specialized techniques for recovery, authentication and analysis of…
computer fraud A fraud committed with the aid of, or directly involving, a data processing system or network. [2382-pt.8]
computer graphics Graphics implemented through the use of computers. 2. Methods and techniques for converting data to or from graphic displays via computers. 3.
computer graphics metafile See cgm.
Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) A graphic image exchange standard, ANSI: x3.122-1986, ISO: 8632-1986, for graphic output file format.
Computer Investigations Computer crimes are specifically defined by federal and/or state statutes and any computer documentary evidence utilized during a computer investigation…
computer language Synonym programming language.
computer network A network of data processing nodes that are interconnected for the purpose of data communication. 2.
computer network engineering See network engineering.
computer network operating system (NOS) A specialized operating system designed for computer networking on minicomputers and microcomputers in a local networking area / campus area network.
computer peripheral See peripheral equipment.
computer program See program.
computer program origin The address assigned to the initial storage location of a computer program in main storage.
computer routine See routine.
computer science The discipline that is concerned with methods and techniques relating to data processing performed by automatic means.
Computer Security (COMPUSEC) The totality of security safeguards needed to provide acceptable level of protection for automatic data processing (ADP) systems and the classified data…
Computer Security Incident A violation or imminent threat of violation of computer security policies, acceptable use policies, or standard computer security practices.
Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) A capability set up for the purpose of assisting in responding to computer security-related incidents; also called a Computer Incident Response Team…
Computer Security Object (CSO) A resource, tool, or mechanism used to maintain a condition of security in a computerized environment.
Computer Security Objects Register A collection of Computer Security Object names and definitions kept by a registration authority.
computer security subsystem Hardware/software designed to provide computer security features in a larger system environment. [INFOSEC-99]
Computer Software Configuration Item (CSCI) An aggregation of software that satisfies an end use function and is designated by the Government for separate configuration management.
computer system A functional unit, consisting of one or more computers and associated software, that (a) uses common storage for all or part of a program and also for all…
computer system fault tolerance The ability of a computer system to continue to operate correctly even though one or more of its components are malfunctioning.
computer system resilience Synonym computer system fault tolerance.
computer systems engineering See systems design.
Computer Virus A computer virus is similar to a Trojan horse because it is a program that contains hidden code, which usually performs some unwanted function as a side…
computer word In computing, a group of bits or characters that occupies one or more storage locations and is treated by computers as a unit. Synonym machine word.
computer-aided software engineering See CASE.
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) CASE tools are defined programming rules for applying engineering principles, methods, techniques, and concepts.
computer-aided systems engineering See CASE.
computer-dependent language Synonym assembly language.
computer-input microform A system that converts microform images to digital images and then converts the resulting images to electronic format by optical character recognition
computer-oriented language A programming language in which words and syntax are designed for use on a specific computer or class of computers.
computer-system audit An examination of the procedures used in a data processing system to evaluate their effectiveness and correctness, and to recommend improvements. [2382-pt.
computerized axial tomography scan (kum-PYOO-teh-RIZED AK-see-ul toh-MAH-gruh-fee skan) A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body taken from different angles.
computerized tomography (kum-PYOO-teh-RIZED toh-MAH-gruh-fee) A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body taken from different angles.
Computers A directory object such as a University owned CPU that an OU administrator supports.
computing system Synonym computer system.
COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation
COMSEC Communications Security.
COMSEC boundary [The] definable perimeter encompassing all hardware, firmware, and software components performing critical COMSEC functions, such as key generation and…
COMSEC chip set [A] collection of NSA-approved microchips. [INFOSEC-99]
COMSEC control program Computer instructions or routines controlling or affecting the externally performed functions of key generation, key distribution, message…
COMSEC end-item Equipment or a combination of components ready for use in a COMSEC application. [INFOSEC-99]
COMSEC equipment Equipment designed to provide security to telecommunications by converting information to a form unintelligible to an unauthorized interceptor and…
COMSEC insecurity COMSEC incident that has been investigated, evaluated, and determined to jeopardize the security of COMSEC material or the secure transmission of…
COMSEC material [An] item designed to secure or authenticate telecommunications. Note: COMSEC material includes, but is not limited to, key, equipment, devices…
COMSEC module [A] removable component that performs COMSEC functions in a telecommunications equipment or system. [INFOSEC-99]
COMSEC monitoring [The] act of listening to, copying, or recording transmissions of one's own official telecommunications to analyze the degree of security. [INFOSEC-99]
COMSEC profile [A] statement of COMSEC measures and materials used to protect a given operation, system, or organization. [INFOSEC-99]