Science — page 123 of 132

13,110 terms including subtopics (0 terms filed directly here)

Science terms

Tribal land In NAGPRA, tribal land is defined as: (a) all lands within the exterior boundaries of any Indian reservation; (b) all dependent Indian communities; (c)…
Tribe Term used to designate a federally recognized group of American Indians and their governing body. Tribes may be composed of more than one band.
tribrid protein A fusion protein that has three segments, each encoded by parts of different genes.
Tributary A creek, stream, or river that feeds a larger stream or river, or lake.
trichome A short filament of cells, resulting in a hair-like structure.
Trickle (Solar) Collector A type of solar thermal collector in which a heat transfer fluid drips out of header pipe at the top of the collector, runs down the collector absorber…
triglyceride A triglyceride is an ester of glycerol and three fatty acids. Most animal fats are composed primarily of triglycerides.
trinucleotide repeat Tandem repeats of three nucleotides that are present in many genes. Commonly trinucleotide repeats have undergone variable expansion in copy number…
tripartite mating A process in which conjugation is used to transfer a plasmid vector to a when the plasmid vector is not self-mobilizable.
Triple Doppler Since any wind has three components (say, in the x, y and z directions), and a single radar measures in only one direction (radial), a single radar cannot…
Triple Pane (Window) This represents three layers of glazing in a window with an airspace between the middle glass and the exterior and interior panes.
Triple Point The intersection point between two boundaries (dry line, outflow boundary, cold front, etc.), often a focus for thunderstorm development.
triplet A sequential group of three nucleotides in DNA or RNA. See: codon.
triploid A cell, tissue or organism containing three times the haploid number of chromosomes.
Tripod A three-legged support for a surveying instrument.
trisomic (adj.) See: trisomy.
trisomy The presence in a diploid cell or organism of an extra chromosome of one homologue (chromosome formula: 2n + 1). See: disomy; monosomic.
triticale The hybrid man-made species formed by the crossing of tetraploid or hexaploid wheat with diploid rye.
tRNA Abbreviation for transfer RNA. Small RNA molecules that transfer amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
tRNA (transfer RNA) The class of small RNA molecules that transfer amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. See Transfer RNA.
TROF Trough
Trombe Wall A wall with high thermal mass used to store solar energy passively in a solar home.
TROP Tropopause
Trophectoderm a term used to refer to trophoblast cells in mice.
Trophic level Place of an animal in the food chain.
Trophoblast (TROH-foh-BLAST) A thin layer of cells that helps a developing embryo attach to the wall of the uterus, protects the embryo, and forms a part of the…
Tropical Advisory Official information issued by tropical cyclone warning centers describing all tropical cyclone watches and warnings in effect along with details…
Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch One of three branches of the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC). It provides year-round products involving marine forecasting, aviation forecasts and…
Tropical Cyclone A warm-core, non-frontal synoptic-scale cyclone, originating over tropical or subtropical waters with organized deep convection and a closed surface wind…
Tropical Cyclone Associated High Winds High winds that occur a few hundred miles or so inland from the coast of a landfalling tropical cyclone.
Tropical Cyclone Plan of the Day A coordinated mission plan that tasks operational weather reconnaissance requirements during the next 1100 to 1100 UTC day or as required, describes…
Tropical Cyclone Position Estimate The National Hurricane Center issues a position estimate between scheduled advisories whenever the storm center is within 200 nautical miles of U.S.
Tropical Cyclone Update This brief statement is issued by the National Hurricane Center in lieu of or preceding special advisories to inform of significant changes in a tropical…
Tropical Depression A tropical cyclone in which the maximum 1-minute sustained surface wind is 33 knots (38 mph) or less.
Tropical Disturbance A discrete tropical weather system of apparently organized convection--generally 100 to 300 mi in diameter--originating in the tropics or subtropics…
Tropical Storm A tropical cyclone in which the maximum 1-minute sustained surface wind ranges from 34 to 63 knots (39 to 73 mph) inclusive.
Tropical Storm Summary Written by the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center* (HPC) after subtropical and names tropical cyclones have moved inland and advisories have been…
Tropical Storm Warning A warning for sustained surface winds, associated with a tropical cyclone, within the range of 34 to 63 knots (39 to 73 mph), expected in a specified…
Tropical Storm Watch An announcement that a tropical storm poses or tropical storm conditions pose a threat to coastal areas generally within 36 hours.
Tropical Wave (formerly known as inverted trough) - A trough or cyclonic curvature maximum in the trade wind easterlies.
Tropical Weather Discussion These messages are issued 4 times daily by the Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch (TAFB) to describe significant synoptic weather features in the…
Tropical Weather Outlook This outlook normally covers the tropical and subtropical waters, discussing the weather conditions, emphasizing any disturbed and suspicious areas which…
Tropical Weather Summary The National Hurricane Center issues a monthly summary of tropical weather is included at the end of the month or as soon as feasible thereafter, to…
Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) site (TWP) The second ARM research site, it is located in the south Pacific Ocean occupying Manus Island, Nauru Island, and Darwin, Australia.
Tropics Areas of the Earth within 20° North and South of the equator.
tropism Plant response to an external stimulus, resulting in the bending/turning of stem or root growth.
Tropopause The upper boundary of the troposphere, usually characterized by an abrupt change in lapse rate from positive (decreasing temperature with height) to…
Tropopause Jet Type of jet stream found near the tropopause. Examples of this type of jet are the subtropical and polar fronts.
Troposphere The layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth's surface.
Tropospheric Ozone (O3) See ozone.
Tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) See ozone.
Tropospheric Ozone Precursors See ozone precursors.
Trough An elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure, usually not associated with a closed circulation, and thus used to distinguish from a closed low.
TROWAL TROugh of Warm Air ALoft. Typically used during winter weather, it is a "tongue" of relatively warm/moist air aloft that wraps around to the north and…
TRPCL Tropical
TRRN Terrain
True Power The actual power rating that is developed by a motor before losses occur.
True South The direction, at any point on the earth that is geographically in the northern hemisphere, facing toward the South Pole of the earth.
True Wind Wind relative to a fixed point on the earth. Wind relative to a moving point is called APPARENT or RELATIVE WIND.
true-to-type Conforming to the phenotype of the breed/variety.
Trunnion A heavy horizontal hinge.
Trypsin A proteolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds on the carboxyl side of the amino acids arginine and lysine.
trypsin inhibitor Substances inactivating trypsin, typically found in of certain plants, where they are thought to have evolved as anti-feedant agents against insect…
TS Tropical Storm
TSCA The Toxic Substances Control Act. See Environmental Protection Agency.
TSRA Thunderstorms with rain
TSTM Thunderstorm
Tsunami Ocean wave produced by earthquakes or underwater landslides.
Tsunami Advisory For products of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC - Pacific (except Alaska, British Columbia and Western States) Hawaii, Caribbean (except Puerto…
Tsunami Information Statement A tsunami information statement is issued to inform emergency management officials and the public that an earthquake has occurred, or that a tsunami…
Tsunami Warning For products of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC - Pacific (except Alaska, British Columbia and Western States) Hawaii, Caribbean (except Puerto…
Tsunami Watch For products of the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC - Pacific (except Alaska, British Columbia and Western States) Hawaii, Caribbean (except Puerto…
TTP Abbreviation for thymidine 5'-triphosphate. TTP is required for DNA synthesis since it is a direct precursor molecule. See: thymidine, thymidylic acid.
Tube (Fluorescent Light) A fluorescent lamp that has a tubular shape.
Tube valve A valve which is opened or closed by mechanically moving a tube upstream or downstream by an actuating screw.
Tube-In-Plate-Absorber A type of solar thermal collector where the heat transfer fluid flows through tubes formed in the absorber plate.
Tube-Type Collector A type of solar thermal collector that has tubes (pipes) that the heat transfer fluid flows through that are connected to a flat absorber plate.
tubulin (TOO-byuh-lin) One of a group of proteins found in high levels in the cell cytoplasm (fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus).
Tuff Volcanic rock made up of rock and mineral fragments in volcanic ash matrix. Tuffs commonly are composed of much shattered volcanic rock glass—chilled…
Tule Fog Radiation fog in the Central Valley of California. It forms during night and morning hours in late fall and winter months following the first significant…
tumble tube A glass tube mainly used in vitro to agitate and consequently aerate suspension cultures.
Tumor DNA See T\-DNA.
tumor suppressor gene (TOO-mer suh-PREH-ser jeen) A type of gene that makes a protein called a tumor suppressor protein that helps control cell growth.
Tumor virus A virus capable of transforming a cell to a malignant phenotype. (See Virus.)
Tumor-inducing plasmid See Ti plasmid.
tumour virus A virus capable of transforming a cell to a malignant phenotype.
tumour-inducing plasmid See: Ti plasmid.
Tundra See Arctic tundra; Alpine tundra
Tungsten Halogen Lamp A type of incandescent lamp that contains a halogen gas in the bulb, which reduces the filament evaporation rate increasing the lamp life.
tunica The outer one- to four-cell layer region of the apical meristem, where cell division is anticlinal, i.e. perpendicular to the surface.
Tunnel Covered portion of spillway between the gate or crest structure and the terminal structure, where open channel flow and/or pressure flow conditions may…
Turbid Having a cloudy or muddy appearance.
Turbidimeter A device that measures the amount of suspended solids in a liquid.
Turbidity The relative clarity of water, which may be affected by material in suspension in the water.
turbidostat An open continuous culture in which a pre-selected biomass density is uniformly maintained by automatic removal of excess cells.
Turbine A device for converting the flow of a fluid (air, steam, water, or hot gases) into mechanical motion.
Turbulence Irregular motion of the atmosphere, as indicated by gusts and lulls in the wind.
Turbulent flow That type of flow in which any water particle may move in any direction with respect to any other particle, and in which the head loss is approximately…
turgid Swollen, distended; referring to a cell that is extended as a result of adequate water uptake. Loss of turgidity in plant cells is a sign of water deficit.
turgor potential See: pressure potential.