E-Discovery — page 8 of 9

E-Discovery terms

701. RIP The procedures used to unbundle email collections into individual emails during the e-discovery process while preserving authenticity and ownership.
702. RLE (Run Length Encoded) Compressed image format; supports only 256 colors; most effective on images with large areas of black or white.
703. ROM Read Only Memory - the hardware in a computer that that can be read but not written to.
704. ROM (Read Only Memory) Random memory which can be read but not written or changed. Also, hardware, usually a chip, within a computer containing programming necessary for…
705. Root Directory The top level in a hierarchical file system. For example on a PC, the root directory of your hard drive, usually C:, contains all the second-level…
706. Rotary Camera In microfilming, the papers are read on the fly with a camera thats synchronized to the motion.
707. Router A piece of hardware that forwards data packets between two or more networks.
708. Rule 16 Pretrial conference - Rule 16 may provide a party with an opportunity to discuss settlement without giving the appearance of having initiated the…
709. Rule 26 General provisions governing discovery; duty of disclosure.
710. sampling The process of digitizing analog information to identify relevant information.
711. Sampling Rate The frequency at which analog signals are converted to digital values during digitization. The higher the rate, the more accurate the process.
712. SAN (Storage Area Network) A high-speed subnetwork of shared storage devices. A storage device is a machine that contains nothing but a disc or discs for storing data.
713. Sandbox A network or series of networks that are not connected to other networks.
714. Scalability The capacity of a system to expand without requiring major reconfiguration or re-entry of data.
715. Scale-to-Gray An option to display a black and white image file in an enhanced mode, making it easier to view.
716. Scan Resolution A scan setting referring to the number of dots per inch (dpi) that are stored. The greater the dpi, the greater the amount of captured detail on the scan.
717. scanner In medicine, an instrument that takes pictures of the inside of the body.
718. Scanning Scanning is the process of converting a hard copy paper document into a digital image for use in a computer system.
719. Scanning Services Services that create an electronic image or electronic document version of a paper-based document.
720. Scanning Software Software that enables a scanner to deliver industry standard formats for images in a collection. Enables the use of OCR and coding of the images.
721. Schema A set of rules or conceptual model for data structure and content, such as a description of the data content and relationships in a database.
722. Scroll Bar The bar on the side or bottom of a window that allows the user to scroll up and down through the windows contents.
723. SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) Pronounced skuzzy. A common, industry standard, electronic interface (highway) between computers and peripherals, such as hard discs, CD-ROM drives and…
724. SDLT (Super DLT) A type of backup tape which can hold up to 220 GB or 330 CDs, depending on the data file format. See DLT.
725. search See Compliance Search, Concept Search, Contextual Search, Boolean Search, Full-Text Search, Fuzzy Search, Index, Keyword Search, Pattern Recognition…
726. Search Engine A program that enables search for keywords or phrases, such as on web pages throughout the World Wide Web.
727. Searchable PDF A PDF file that has either been created from an existing electronic document (Word, Excel, etc) containing text, or a scanned or image based file that has…
728. Searching The ability to look within the data and search by a name, date, or keyword to find desired information.
729. Sector Gap Sectors consist of fixed blocks of storage space that usually contain 512 bytes of data.
730. Sedona Conference® E-Discovery Glossary The Sedona Conference Glossary for E-Discovery and Digital Information Management, a project of The Sedona Conference Working Group on Electronic Document…
731. Sequence Checking A verification of the alphanumeric sequence of the 'key' field in items to be processed.
732. Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) A connection to the Internet in which the interface software runs in the local computer, rather than the Internets.
733. Serif The little cross bars or curls at the end of strokes on certain type fonts.
734. Server Any computer on a network that contains data or applications shared by users of the network on their client PCs.
735. Service-Level Agreement A service-level agreement is a contract that defines the technical support or business parameters that a service provider or outsourcing firm will provide…
736. SGML/HyTime A multimedia extension to SGML, sponsored by DOD.
737. SHA-1 Secure Hash Algorithm, for computing a condensed representation of a message or a data file specified by FIPS PUB 180-1.
738. Sibling (SIB-ling) A person's brother or sister who has the same parents.
739. Signature See Certificate.
740. SIMM (Single, In-Line Memory Module) A mechanical package (with legs) used to attach memory chips to printed circuit boards.
741. Simplex One-sided page(s)
742. Skewed Tilted images. See De-skewing.
743. Slack The difference in empty bytes of the space that is allocated in clusters minus the actual size of the files.
744. Slack Space A form of residual data, slack space is the amount of on-disk file space from the end of the logical record information to the end of the physical disk…
745. Slack/Slack Space The unused space on a cluster that exists when the logical file space is less than the physical file space. Also known as file slack.
746. Smart Card A credit card size device which contains a microprocessor, memory and a battery.
747. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) The protocol widely implemented on the Internet for exchanging email messages.
748. Software Coded instructions (programs) that make a computer do useful work.
749. Software Application A program, that instructs a computer to perform a specific set of instructions or execute a process.
750. Software-As-A-Service or SaaS A system of internet-based software delivery in which the developer of the software provides operational support and maintenance for the software provided…
751. Speckle Imperfections in an image as a result of scanning paper documents that do not appear on the original. See De-speckling.
752. Splatter Data that should be kept on one disc of a jukebox goes instead to multiple platters.
753. Spoliation Generally, the intentional or negligent destruction or alteration of evidence when there is current litigation or an investigation or there is reasonable…
754. Spoofing Some market analysts maintain that the increased volatility in stock markets may be the result of an illegal practice known as spoofing, or phantom bids.
755. SPP (Standard Parallel Port) See Centronics.
756. SQL (Structured Query Language) a standard fourth generation programming language (4GL - a programming language that is closer to natural language and easier to work with than a…
757. Stand Alone Computer A single computer not connected to a network
758. Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) An informal industry standard for open systems document management which specifies the data encoding of a documents format and content.
759. Status Bar A bar at the bottom of a window that is used to indicate the status of a task. For example, when an email message is sent, the status bar will fill with…
760. Steganography The hiding of information within a more obvious kind of communication. Although not widely used, digital steganography involves the hiding of data inside…
761. Storage Device Any device that a computer uses to store information.
762. Storage Media Any removable device that stores data. See magnetic or optical storage media.
763. Structured Data Applications The GUI is the only way to make sense of the database. For example a vector based mapping application that stores all the lease and Right of Way…
764. Subjective Coding The coding of a document using legal interpretation as the data that fills a field, versus objective data that is readily apparent from the face of the…
765. Subnet Address In computer networks, a subnetwork or subnet is a range of logical addresses within the address space that is assigned to an organization.
766. Subtractive Colors Since the colors of objects are white light minus the color absorbed by the object, they are called subtractive. This is how ink on paper works.
767. Summation iBlaze A LAN-based document management program, available in multiple versions with differing features, including search, transcript management, document…
768. Suspension Notice, Suspension Order See Legal Hold.
769. SVGA (Super Video Graphics Adapter) A graphics adapter one which exceeds the minimum VGA standard of 640 by 480 by 16 colors. Can reach 1600 by 1280 by 256 colors.
770. Swap File A file used to temporarily store code and data for programs that are currently running.
771. SysAdmin System administrator
772. SYSOP System administrator
773. System Administrator (sys admin, sys op) The person in charge of keeping a network working.
774. System administrator (sysadmin, sysop) The person in charge of keeping a network working.
775. System Registry The system configuration files used by Microsoft Windows to store settings about user preferences, installed software, hardware and drivers, and other…
776. T1 A high speed, high bandwidth leased line connection to the Internet. T1 connections deliver information at 1.544 megabits per second.
777. T3 A high speed, high bandwidth leased line connection to the Internet. T3 connections deliver information at 44.746 megabits per second.
778. Tagged image File Format (TIF or TIFF) One of the most widely supported file formats for storing bit-mapped images. Files in TIFF format often end with a .tif extension.
779. Tape Drive A hardware device used to store data on a magnetic tape. Tape drives are usually used to back up large quantities of data due to their large capacity and…
780. Taxonomy The science of categorization, or classification, of things based on a predetermined system.
781. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol A collection of protocols that define the basic workings of the features of the Internet.
782. telephony Converting sounds into electronic signals for transmission.
783. Templates, Document Sets of index fields for documents, providing framework for preparation.
784. Temporary File - Temporary (or temp) files are files stored on a computer for temporary use only, and are often created by Internet browsers.
785. Terabyte A unit of 1,000 or 1,024 gigabytes, or approximately a trillion bytes.
786. Terabyte (TB) (TB) A terabyte is a measure of computer data storage capacity and is one thousand billion (1,000,000,000,000) bytes.
787. TGA Targa format. This is a scanned format widely used for color-scanned materials (24-bit) as well as by various paint and desktop publishing packages.
788. Thin Client A networked user computer that acts only as a terminal and stores no applications or user files. May have little or no hard drive space. See Client.
789. Third Party Custodian Custodians belonging to an outside entity that has been brought into the litigation by either party.
790. Third Party System Generated Custodian ESI generated from a third party enterprise application such as financial systems, dynamic monitoring systems and more may not have a clear Custodian.
791. thread A series of postings on a particular topic. Threads can be a series of bulletin board messages (for example, when someone posts a question and others…
792. Thumb Drive See Key Drive.
793. Thumbnail A miniature representation of a page or item for quick overviews to provide a general idea of the structure, content and appearance of a document.
794. Tier 2 Individual Custodian A Tier 2 Individual Custodian will have confirmatory knowledge and ESI to validate the central facts of the matter, but is not a decision maker or primary…
795. Tier 2 Legacy Custodian A Tier 2 Legacy Custodian will have confirmatory information and ESI to validate the central facts of the matter.
796. Tier 2 Non Party Custodian A Tier 2 Non Party Custodian will have confirmatory knowledge/information and ESI to validate the central facts of the matter, but is not a decision maker…
797. Tier 2 Organizational Custodian A Tier 2 Organizational Custodian will have confirmatory information and ESI to validate the central facts of the matter.
798. Tier 2 Third Party Custodian A Tier 2 Third Party Custodian will have confirmatory knowledge/information and ESI to validate the central facts of the matter, but is not a decision…
799. Tier 3 Individual Custodian A Tier 3 Individual Custodian may have knowledge and ESI tangentially related to the matter. The Custodian is unlikely to be deposed or act as a witness.
800. Tier 3 Legacy Custodian A Tier 3 Legacy Custodian may have information and ESI tangentially related to the matter.