Stem Cell terms starting with S

29 terms

Salivary gland (SA-lih-VAYR-ee gland) A gland in the mouth that produces saliva.
Schwann cell A type of glial cell of the peripheral nervous system that helps separate and insulate nerve cells.
Side population (SP) stem cell Two examples of multipotent stem cell populations found in bone marrow and skeletal muscle. SPs are not yet fully characterized.
Signal transduction pathways Relay of a signal by the conversion from one physical or chemical form to another.
Signals Internal and external factors that control changes in cell structure and function.
Single-cell cloned A procedure pertaining to cells in vitro in which the descendants of a single cell are physically isolated from other cells growing in a dish, and then…
Skin biopsy Process of removing tissue, in this case skin, from living patients for diagnostic examination, or the tissue specimen obtained by that process.
Somatic cell (soh-MA-tik ...) Any of the body cells except the reproductive (germ) cells.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer A technique in which the nucleus of a somatic cell (any cell of the body except sperm cells and egg cells) is injected, or transfered, into an egg, that…
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) A method of cloning: transfer of the nucleus from a donor somatic cell into an enucleated egg to produce a cloned embryo.
Somatic cells Cells of body tissues other than the germline.
Somatic stem cells Non-embryonic stem cells that are not derived from gametes (egg or sperm cells).
Somatostatin Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone. See: growth hormone.
Somite One of the longitudinal series of segments into which the body of many animals (including vertebrates) is divided. (Merriam-Webster on line)
Steel factor See stem cell factor.
Stem cell A cell from which other types of cells develop. For example, blood cells develop from blood-forming stem cells.
Stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1) Cell-surface protein on bone marrow cell, indicative of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.
Stem cell factor (SCF) Relatively undifferentiated cell that can continue dividing indefinitely, throwing off daughter cells that can undergo terminal differentiation into…
Stem cells cells that have the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and give rise to specialized cells.
Stromal Relating to the stroma of an organ or other structure, that is, its framework, usually of connective tissue, rather than its specific substance.
Stromal cell (STROH-mul SEL) A type of cell that makes up certain types of connective tissue (supporting tissue that surrounds other tissues and organs).
Stromal cells Non-blood cells derived from blood organs, such as bone marrow or fetal liver, which are capable of supporting growth of blood cells in vitro.
Subculturing Transferring cultured cells, with or without dilution, from one culture vessel to another.
Sulfated proteoglycan Molecules found primarily in connective tissues and joint fluids and that provide lubrication.
Surface marker Surface proteins that are unique to certain cell types capable of detection by antibodies or other detection methods.
Surface markers Proteins on the outside surface of a cell that are unique to certain cell types, which are visualized using antibodies or other detection methods.
Syncytiotrophoblast A multinucleated cell formed from the cells of the trophoblast. Only a small area of the syncytiotrophoblast is evident at the start of the formation of…
syncytium A large cell-like structure formed by the joining together of two or more cells. The plural is syncytia.
Syngamy Synonym of fertilization.