E-Discovery — page 5 of 9

E-Discovery terms

401. ILM Information lifecycle management.
402. Image To image a hard drive is to make an identical copy of the hard drive, including empty sectors.
403. Image Enabling A software function that creates links between existing applications and stored images.
404. Image File Format See File Format and Format.
405. Image Key The name of a file created when a page is scanned in a collection.
406. Image Processing To capture an image or representation, usually from electronic data in native format, enter it in a computer system, and process and manipulate it.
407. Image Processing Card (IPC) A board mounted in the computer, scanner or printer that facilitates the acquisition and display of images.
408. Images (also forensic images or mirror images) A bit-by-bit duplicate of a backup tape or hard drive that is forensically sound.
409. Images (or Forensic Duplicates or Mirror Images) A bit-by-bit duplicate of a backup tape or hard drive that is forensically sound.
410. Import Data brought into an environment or application which has been exported from another environment or application.
411. Inactive Record Inactive records are those Records related to closed, completed, or concluded activities.
412. Index Statistical measure of the state of the stock market or economy based on the performance of stocks or other components.
413. Index/Coding Fields Database fields used to categorize and organize documents. Often user-defined, these fields can be used for searches.
414. indexing Universal term for Coding and Data Entry.
415. Individual Custodian An individual employee may be the custodian of ESI located on his/her local computer(s), hard drives, media as well as specific network storage locations…
416. Information Accusatory document, filed by a prosecutor, detailing misdemeanor charges against a party.
417. Input device Any peripheral that allows a user to communicate with a computer by entering information or issuing commands (e.g., keyboard).
418. Instant Messaging ("IM") Instant Messaging is a form of electronic communication which involves immediate correspondence between two or more users who are all online…
419. Inter-Partition Space Unused sectors on a track located between the start of the partition and the partition boot record.
420. Interlaced TV & CRT pictures must constantly be refreshed. Interlace is to refresh every other line once/refresh cycle.
421. Interleave To arrange data in a noncontiguous way to increase performance. When used to describe disc drives, it refers to the way sectors on a disc are organized.
422. Internal Inquiries A close examination of a matter in a search for information or truth that is internal to a company.
423. International Telecommunication Union (ITU) An international organization under the UN headquartered in Geneva concerned with telecommunications that develops international data communications…
424. Internet A worldwide network of networks that all use the TCP/IP communications protocol and share a common address space.
425. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority The organization that manages and creates IP (internet protocol) addresses.
426. Internet Publishing Specialized imaging software that allows documents to be published on the Internet
427. intranet A private network that uses Internet-related technologies to provide services within an organization.
428. Investigation an inquiry usually initiated by a government agency.
429. IP Address A string of four numbers separated by periods used to represent a computer on the Internet.
430. IPX/SPX Communications protocol used by Novell networks.
431. IS/IT (Information Systems or Information Technology) Usually refers to the people who make computers and computer systems run.
432. IS/IT (Information Systems or Information Technology) Terms used to describe the people who make computers and/or make computer systems run.
433. ISA Industry Standard Architecture.
434. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) An all digital network which can carry data, video and voice.
435. ISIS and TWAIN Scanner Drivers Specialized applications used for communication between scanners and computers.
436. ISO International Standards Organization.
437. ISO 9660 CD Format The International Standards Organization format for creating CD-ROMs that can be read worldwide.
438. ISP (Internet Service Provider). A business that delivers access to the Internet.
439. ISP (Internet Service Provider) A business that delivers access to the Internet.
440. IT (Information Technology) Infrastructure The overall makeup of business-wide technology operations, including mainframe operations, standalone systems, email, networks (WAN and LAN), internet…
441. Janitor Program An application which runs at scheduled intervals to manage business information by deleting, transferring, or archiving on-line data (such as email) which…
442. Java Sun Microsystems Java is a platform-independent, programming language for adding animation and other actions to websites.
443. Jaz Drive A removable disc drive. A Jaz drive holds up to 2 GB of data. Commonly used for backup storage as well as everyday use.
444. JMS Jukebox Management Software.
445. journal A chronological record of data processing operations that may be used to reconstruct a previous or an updated version of a file.
446. journaling A function of e-mail systems (such as Microsoft Exchange and Lotus Notes) that copies sent and received items into a second information store for…
447. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) An image compression standard for photographs.
448. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) An image compression standard for photographs.
449. Juke-Box Automated disc changer for high-performance, centralized storage for multifunction CDROMs & optical discs.
450. Jukebox A mass storage device that holds optical discs and loads them into a drive.
451. Jump Drive See Key Drive.
452. Kerning Adjusting the spacing between two letters.
453. Key Drive A small removable data storage device that uses flash memory and connects via a USB port.
454. Key Field Database fields used for document searches and retrieval.
455. Key Individual Custodian A Key Individual Custodian holds direct knowledge and ESI critical to the matter and it is likely that the individual may be a designated witness with…
456. Key Legacy Custodian A Key Legacy Custodian holds direct information and ESI critical to the matter.
457. Key Non Party Custodian A Key Non Party Custodian holds direct knowledge/information and ESI critical to the matter and it is likely that the individual may be a designated…
458. Key Organizational Custodian A Key Organizational Custodian holds direct information and ESI critical to the matter.
459. Key Third Party Custodian A Key Third Party Custodian holds direct knowledge/information and ESI critical to the matter and it is likely that the individual may be a designated…
460. Keystroke Monitoring A form of user surveillance in which the actual character-by-character traffic (that user's keystrokes) are monitored, analyzed, and/or logged for future…
461. Keyword Search A search for documents containing one or more words that are specified by a user.
462. Keywords Words designated by a user as important for searching purposes.
463. Kilobyte (K) One kilobyte of data is equal to one thousand bytes.
464. Kilobyte (Kb) Approximately one thousand bytes of data is 1Kb of data.
465. Kofax Board The generic term for a series of image processing boards manufactured by Kofax Imaging Processing.
466. LAN (Local Area Network) A network of computers that generally spans a small area, such as a single building.
467. Landscape Mode The image is represented on the page or monitor such that the width is greater than the height.
468. Laser Disc Same as an optical CD, except 12 in diameter.
469. Laser Printing A beam of light hits an electrically charged drum and causes a discharge at that point. Toner is then applied which sticks to the non-charged areas.
470. Latency The time it takes to read a disc (or jukebox), including the time to physically position the media under the read/write head, seek the correct address and…
471. Latent Data Latent or ambient data are deleted files and other data that are inaccessible without specialized forensic tools and techniques.
472. Leading/Ledding The amount of space between lines of printed text.
473. Legacy Custodian Former employees, participants and Individual Custodians who are no longer with the company.
474. Legacy Data Information in the development process that may have significant resources invested into it that has been produced and/or stored on software and/or…
475. Legacy System Generated Custodian ESI generated from a legacy enterprise application such as financial systems, dynamic monitoring systems and more may not have a clear Custodian.
476. Legal Document Management To capture and manage of legal documents within a law firm or other organization.
477. Legal Hold A legal hold is a communication issued as a result of current or anticipated litigation, audit, government investigation or other such matter that…
478. Legal Hold Auditing In matters of high risk or complexity, the corporation may conduct an internal or external audit of the scope and compliance with the legal hold.
479. Legal Hold Development Developing the preservation scope, description and criteria is based in the work done in the Identification phase interpreted in light of the opposing…
480. Legal Hold Enforcing Legal Holds may be in place for years and a source may be under multiple holds.
481. Legal Hold Issuance Issuing hold notices to custodians and systems.
482. Legal Hold Tracking Legal Hold tracking may be done on simple documents (Word/Excel) or in a dedicated application to record notices and actions of the Legal Hold.
483. Legal Software Software which helps lawyers to organize and index case files, helps to arrange/schedule docket numbers or catalogue court dates, or assists in the…
484. Level Coding Used in Bibliographical coding to facilitate different treatment, such as prioritization or more thorough extraction of data, for different categories of…
485. Lexbe Web-based case and document management service. Features include searchable PDF-based document review, automatic OCR, hosted online access, shared…
486. LFP IPRO Techs image cross reference file; an ASCII delimited text file required for cross-reference of images to data.
487. Lifecycle The records lifecycle is the life span of a record from its creation or receipt to its final disposition.
488. Line Screen The number of half-tone dots that can be printed per inch. As a general rule, newspapers print at 65 to 85 lpi.
489. link See Hyperlink.
490. Litigation Case Management Method of controlling and managing cases within the litigation process, usually with the aid of specially designed case management software to help work…
491. Litigation Lifecycle The litigation lifecycle is the processes and practices commonly used to define a legal event.
492. Litigation Lifecycle Management The policies, processes, practices and tools used to handle a case in the through the litigation lifecycle in the most appropriate and cost effective…
493. Litigation Software Software to help lawyers prepare and present cases in court. Features include indexing and organizing documents, database, hierarchical folders, and…
494. Litigation Support Manager Person within a law firm who administers automated litigation support.
495. Litigation Support Services All activities designed to prepare a lawyer to try a case, including interviewing witnesses, document review, and case preparation.
496. Litigation Support Software and Systems Software and systems to assist lawyers in preparing and presenting cases for trial.
497. Litigation Support Specialist An individual who manages the litigation support services within a law firm. Litigation support specialist duties combine aspects of the paralegal and…
498. LiveNote Transcript and deposition management software, with features including transcript text searches, transcript annotation, exhibit hyper linking and network…
499. Load file A file that relates to a set of scanned images and indicates where individual pages belong together as documents.
500. Local area network LAN. Usually refers to a network of computers in a single building or other discrete location.