Science — page 78 of 132

13,110 terms including subtopics (0 terms filed directly here)

Subtopics

Science terms

  1. Moisture Control The process of controlling indoor moisture levels and condensation.
  2. Moisture Convergence A measure of the degree to which moist air is converging into a given area, taking into account the effect of converging winds and moisture advection.
  3. Moisture Equivalent The ratio of (1) the weight of water which the soil, after saturation, will retain against a centrifugal force 1,000 times the force of gravity, to (2)…
  4. moisture free basis Biomass composition and chemical analysis data is typically reported on a moisture free or dry weight basis.
  5. Moisture Ridge An axis of relatively high dew point values. This axis is sometimes referred to as a 'moist tongue'.
  6. Molecular biology The study of the biochemical and mo- lecular interactions within living cells.
  7. molecular chaperone See: chaperone.
  8. Molecular cloning The biological amplification of a specific DNA sequence through mitotic division of a host cell into which it has been transformed or transfected.
  9. Molecular farming The development of transgenic animals to produce human proteins for medical use.
  10. Molecular genetics The study of the flow and regulation of genetic information between DNA, RNA, and protein molecules.
  11. molecular marker (muh-LEH-kyoo-ler ...) A biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a…
  12. Molecular medicine (muh-LEH-kyoo-ler MEH-dih-sin) A branch of medicine that develops ways to diagnose and treat disease by understanding the way genes, proteins, and other…
  13. molecular pharming See: biopharming.
  14. Molecule The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance. Molecules are made up of one or more atoms.
  15. Molten salts Mixtures of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate in various proportions that are used as a heat transfer or heat storage medium in CSP Solar Energy…
  16. monitor (MAH-nih-ter) In medicine, to regularly watch and check a person or condition to see if there is any change.
  17. Monitor Stage The stage which, when reached by a rising stream, represents the level where appropriate officials (e.g.
  18. mono-unsaturates Oils containing mono-unsaturated fatty acids (i.e. where one -CH2-CH2- group in the hydrocarbon chain is replaced by -CH=CH-).
  19. Monocline Bend or steplike fold in rock layers where all strata are inclined in the same direction.
  20. Monoclonal From a single cell.
  21. Monoclonal antibodies Immunoglobulin molecules of single- epitope specificity that are secreted by a clone of B cells.
  22. monoclonal antibody (MAH-noh-KLOH-nul AN-tih-BAH-dee) A type of protein made in the laboratory that can locate and bind to substances in the body, including tumor cells.
  23. Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) An exceptionally pure and specific antibody derived from hybridoma cells. Because each of the clones is derived from a single B cell, all of the antibody…
  24. Monocoque gate A thin-shell radial gate in which the usual skin plate and cross-beam framework are replaced by a hollow shell having an approximate elliptical cross…
  25. monocot Abbreviation for monocotyledon.
  26. monocotyledon (Abbreviation: monocot). A flowering plant whose embryo has one cotyledon. Examples are cereals (corn, wheat, rice etc.), banana, and lily.
  27. Monoculture The agricultural practice of cultivating crops consisting of genetically similar organisms.
  28. Monocyte A type of white blood cell.
  29. monoecious A plant species that has separate male and female flowers on the same plant (e.g. maize).
  30. monogastric animal A non-ruminant animal with a simple stomach.
  31. Monogenic Controlled by or associated with a single gene.
  32. Monogenic disorder A disorder caused by mutation of a single gene. See also: mutation, polygenic disorder
  33. Monogenic inheritance See: monogenic disorder
  34. monohybrid cross A cross between parents differing in only one trait or in which only one trait is being considered.
  35. monohybrid Heterozygous with respect to one gene.
  36. monokine Generic name for proteins that are released by monocytes to act on other cells involved in the immune response. A sub-class of cytokines.
  37. monolayer A single layer of cells growing on a surface.
  38. monolignols The building blocks of lignin that undergo polymerization.
  39. Monolithic Fabricated as a single structure.
  40. monomer (MAH-nuh-mer) A molecule that can join with other identical monomers to form a larger structure called a polymer.
  41. Monomictic Lakes and reservoirs which are relatively deep, do not freeze over, and undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle during the year.
  42. monomorphic Absence of variation for a marker, gene, chromosome, or genetically determined trait in a population.
  43. Mononucleocyte A cell containing a single nucleus. Generally refers to a white blood cell.
  44. monophyletic A group of organisms that are assumed to have originated from the same ancestor.
  45. monoploid See: haploid.
  46. monosaccharide A simple sugar (e.g. glucose, fructose). See:.
  47. monosomic A form of aneuploidy in which a diploid organism lacks one member of a homologous chromosome pair.
  48. Monosomy Possessing only one copy of a particular chromosome instead of the normal two copies. See also cell, chromosome, trisomy
  49. Monostatic Radar A radar that uses a common antenna for both transmitting and receiving.
  50. monozygotic twin One of a pair of twins derived from a single fertilized egg. Synonym: identical twin.
  51. Monsoon A thermally driven wind arising from differential heating between a land mass and the adjacent ocean that reverses its direction seasonally.
  52. Montane The highland area located below the subalpine zone. Montane regions generally have cooler temperatures, and often have higher rainfall than the adjacent…
  53. Monthly Climatological Report This climatological product is issued once a month by each National Weather Service office. It is a mix of tabular and narrative information.
  54. Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer The Montreal Protocol and its amendments control the phaseout of ozone depleting substances production and use.
  55. Morbid map A diagram showing the chromosomal location of genes associated with disease.
  56. Morning Glory An elongated cloud band, visually similar to a roll cloud, usually appearing in the morning hours, when the atmosphere is relatively stable.
  57. Morning glory spillway A circular or glory hole form of a drop inlet spillway. Usually free standing in the reservoir and so called because of its resemblance to the morning…
  58. morphogen A substance that stimulates the development of form or structure in an organism.
  59. morphogenesis The development, through growth and differentiation, of form and structure in an organism.
  60. morphogenic response The effect on the developmental history of a plant or its parts exposed to a given set of growth conditions or to a change in the environment.
  61. Morphology (mor-FAH-loh-jee) The science of the form and structure of organisms (plants, animals, and other forms of life).
  62. Mortality The state of being mortal (destined to die). Mortality also refers to the death rate, or the number of deaths in a certain group of people in a certain…
  63. Mortar A stone bowl or bowl-shaped depression (such as in a rock) in which seeds, berries, nuts, meats, and other items are ground or pulverized with a pestle…
  64. Morula A solid mass of cells that resembles a mulberry and result from the cleavage of an ovum.
  65. MOS Model Output Statistics - the Hydrometeorological Center (HPC) produces a short range (6 to 60 hours) MOS guidance package generated from the NGM, GFS…
  66. Mosaic A web browser popular before the introduction of Netscape and Internet Explorer.
  67. Mosses Low-growing, nonvascular plants that are common to moist habitats.
  68. Mostly Clear When the 1/8th to 2/8ths of the sky is covered by with opaque (not transparent) clouds.
  69. Mostly Cloudy When the 6/8th to 7/8ths of the sky is covered by with opaque (not transparent) clouds. Same as Considerable Cloudiness .
  70. Mostly Sunny When the 1/8th to 2/8ths of the sky is covered by with opaque (not transparent) clouds Same as Mostly Clear, except only applicable during daylight hours.
  71. Mothballed capacity A power plant that is out-of-service, but is being maintained in such a condition that an operator can bring it back into service.
  72. mother plant See: donor plant.
  73. MOTIF A conserved sequence of nucleotides or amino acids that can be associated with some function of, respectively, a length of DNA or a protein.
  74. Motor In medicine, having to do with the movement of body parts.
  75. Motor efficiency The ratio of energy delivered by a motor to the energy supplied to it during a fixed period or cycle.
  76. Motor gasoline A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons, with or without small quantities of additives, obtained by blending appropriate refinery streams to…
  77. Motor Speed The number of revolutions that the motor turns in a given time period (i.e. revolutions per minute, rpm).
  78. Mount Pinatubo A volcano in the Philippine Islands that erupted in 1991. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo ejected enough particulate and sulfate aerosol matter into the…
  79. Mount Wilson Magnetic Classifications In solar-terrestrial terms, a classification system for sunspots: Alpha: Denotes a unipolar sunspot group.
  80. Mountain Wave The wavelike effect, characterized by updrafts and downdrafts, that occurs above and behind a mountain range when rapidly flowing air encounters the…
  81. Mountain Wind System The system of diurnal winds that forms in a complex terrain area, consisting of mountain-plain, along-valley, cross-valley and slope wind systems.
  82. Mountain-Plain Wind System A closed, large-scale, thermally driven circulation between the mountains and the surrounding plain.
  83. Mountainado A vertical-axis eddy produced in a downslope windstorm by the vertical stretching of horizontal roll vortices produced near the ground by vertical wind…
  84. Mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells are used as feeder cells when culturing pluripotent stem cells.
  85. mouse model The use of special strains of mice to study a human disease or condition, and how to prevent and treat it.
  86. MOV Move
  87. Movable Bed A stream bed made up of materials readily transportable by the stream flow.
  88. Movable genetic element (See Transposon.)
  89. Movable Insulation A device that reduces heat loss at night and during cloudy periods and heat gain during the day in warm weather.
  90. Moveable Bed Streams These are most common in the arid West, where steep slopes and lack of vegetation result in a lot of erosion.
  91. MOVG moving
  92. MR more
  93. MRF Medium Range Forecast model, the medium-range computer model run by the United States (NOAA).
  94. MRGL Marginal
  95. mRNA See Messenger RNA.
  96. MRNG Morning
  97. MRU Abbreviation for minimum recognition units. See: dAb.
  98. MS connectors Surface delays for use when shooting with detonating cord.
  99. mscf One thousand standard cubic feet.
  100. MSG Message