Food Biotechnology terms starting with U

25 terms

  1. U Abbreviation for uracil.
  2. U.S. Department of Agriculture The U.S. agency responsible for regulation of biotechnology products in plants and animals.
  3. ubiquitin A small protein, present in all eukaryotic cells, which plays an important role in tagging proteins destined for proteolytic cleavage (because they are…
  4. ultrasonication See: sonication.
  5. UMP Abbreviation for the (ribo)nucleotide uridine 5'-monophosphate. See: uridylic acid.
  6. understock Host plant for a grafted scion, a branch or shoot from another plant; an understock may be a fully grown tree or a stump with a living root system.
  7. Undifferentiated A term used to describe cells or tissues that do not have specialized ("mature") structures or functions.
  8. unencapsidated A virus not enclosed by a coat protein or capsid.
  9. unequal crossing over Abnormal meiotic event, in which one chromatid contains a duplication and the other a deletion.
  10. unicellular Tissues, organs or organisms consisting of a single cell.
  11. uniparental inheritance The inheritance of genes exclusively from one parent, e.g. chloroplast DNA is inherited either maternally (many angiosperms) or paternally (most…
  12. unisexual Higher organisms (animals or plants) possessing either male or female reproductive organs, but not both.
  13. univalent An unpaired chromosome at the first division of meiosis.
  14. universal donor cell Cells that, after introduction into a recipient, will not induce an immune response that leads to their rejection.
  15. universality Referring to the genetic code, the triplet codon s are translated to the same amino acid, with minor exceptions, in virtually all species.
  16. unorganized growth In vitro formation of tissues with few differentiated cell types and no recognizable structure; typical structure of calli formed in tissue culture.
  17. upstream The region extending in a 5' direction from a gene.
  18. upstream processing See: upstream (2).
  19. uracil (YOOR-uh-sil) One of four building blocks of ribonucleic acid (RNA), a type of nucleic acid found in all cells.
  20. uridine The (ribo)nucleoside resulting from the combination of the base uracil (U) and the sugar D-ribose. See: uridylic acid, uridine triphosphate.
  21. uridine triphosphate (uridine 5'-triphosphate) (Abbreviation: UTP). Required for RNA synthesis since it is a direct precursor molecule. See: uridylic acid.
  22. uridylic acid Synonym for uridine 5'-monophosphate (abbreviation: UMP), a (ribo)nucleotide containing the base uracil. See: uridine triphosphate.
  23. USDA See The U.S. Department of Agriculture.
  24. utilization of farm animal genetic resources The use and development of animal genetic resources for the production of food in a sustainable system of agriculture.
  25. UTP See: uridine triphosphate.